Cambios

===Museo Arqueológico Padre Archaeological Museum Father Sebastián Englert - Ana Kai Tangata=== The section begins in TUKI 1 locatedin the Archaeological MuseumFather Sebastián Englert, called thisway in honor to the priest Capuchinwho dedicated his life to theinvestigation, rescue and diffusion ofthe Rapa Nui culture. The museum,inaugurated on October 10, 1973,exhibits the most representativeobjects of the culture, as well aspanels with the history before thearrival of the European explorers. Themuseum possesses a specialisedlibrary, not only on Rapa Nui culture,but also on the Polynesian culture.After this visit, you will be in idealconditions to go across the rest of theroute, with a better understanding ofthe local customs and traditions.Leaving behind the museum, walkdown trough Atamu Tekena street upto the coastal sector, where there thearchaeological set of Tahai, TUKI 2is located. This complex ceremonialplace has three ahu or ceremonialplatforms, besides rooms anddomestic structures towards theinterior. Facing the platforms, fromleft side to right, the ahu of five Moai(monolithic statues) receives thename of Vai Uri, the next one AhuTahai, and the third one, with eyesand hat, Ahu Ko te Riku. Because ofhis size, probably it was the mostimportant ceremonial complex of thisside of the Island.Between 1968 and 1970 it wasrestored under the direction of thearchaeologists William Mulloy andGonzalo Figueroa. In that opportunitythere were find the basements of atleast 17 Hare Paenga (boat housestypical constructions). The threerestored platforms correspond to thesame period and they would havebeen in activity between the year1.000 and 1.600 A.C. Ahu Tahai,nevertheless, is the most ancient ofthe three and it was constructedabout 700 A.C. After 300 years, therewas constructed the platform that weobserve today. The hat (pukao) of themoai Ahu Ko Te Riku, was carved forthe restoration for illustrativepurposes, there is not certainty thatthis hat existed in the old days. Also,the eyes were put by tourist purposesat the beginning of the decade of1990.Passing this sector and following thepath you will get to the CemeteryTahai, TUKI 3. Inaugurated in 1951.Due to natural events that affectedthe previous holy field, it is possibleto find graves of the beginning of theXXth century. The first one buried inthis place was a Chilean sailor. Alsoprominent figures of Rapa Nui historyrest here, as Uka A'Hey A'Rero (KingAtamu Tekera´s wife), deceased in1946. The cross placed in the center,was carved on the original pukao(hat) of the Moai of Ahu Ko Te Rikulocated in Tahai's Ceremonial Center.This is the fourth funereal catholicplace of Easter Island. The first onewas placed in front of the Vaihú´smission, the second one to the side ofthe current Gymnasium Koro PainaKori and the third one, in the sectorof the agricultural colony, used as arest place for the patients of leprosy.Between he cemetery and the sea,you must continue towards HangaVare Vare's sector, where there is theAhu O'rongo or TUKI 4. Accordingto the descriptions of navigators andtravellers, this ahu was constructedby stones of big dimensions and wellworked. It managed to have fourMoai of toba and a fifth moai madein very hard stone, so calledbenmolita. It was located in asecondary structure, in the south endof the ahu (left side looked abreast).Along his history, this ahu wasdismantled to use the rocks in theconstruction of houses and even, theformer wharf of Hanga Roa's cove.In 1872 the French ship The Floreended up at Easter Island, and thecrew facing its inability to take acomplete moai with them, the sawedone to move only the head. Today thatmoai’s head is in exhibition at themuseum of Trocadero in Paris. In thatoccasion, Juliane Viaud, better knownas Pierre Loti, was part of the crew,who besides a poet, was a greatdraftsman. His drawings and storiesare a source of information about thelife in the Island at the end of the XIXthcentury.The Belgian Franc´s expedition (1934-1935), at the expense of theanthropologist Alfred Métraux andthe archaeologist Henri Lavachery,took away from the same ahu themoai Pou Hakanononga, whichaccording to the tradition, was notrelated to other Moai of the ahu. Itwas placed there for some king toindicate the best site for the tunafishing. The Pou Hakanononga isexhibite in the Royal Museum of Artand History of Brussels.Walking ahead through PolicarpoToro street up to Cove Hanga Roa OThai, corresponding to the TUKI 5,one of five principal coves of RapaNui. Here you will find manyfishermen’s boats. Also, this is a placefor unloading transatlantic ships. It isthe only places of services ofautonomous skin-diving.This place is also known as HotuMatu´a Square, named this way bydoctor Álvaro Tejeda in November,1938, as part of the actions done byhim as a proclamation as HotuMatua´s King. Tejeda tried to re-livein his honor the culture, the folklore,the history and the ceremonialknown as the disembarkation of theking in the bay. Tejeda, in order torebuild and implement an ahu in hishonor brought the moai located inthis platform, from the Ahu Atiu.Continuing by Policarpo Toro streetyou will get the Ahu Tautira, TUKI 6,better known as Ahu Kopeka Tae Ati.Its first descriptions appear in thediary of the captain James Cook. In1774, moai of the entire Hanga Roa’scoast were on foot. The last newsabout these Moai standing up iscoming from the Russian expeditionat the expense of the commanderLisjansky in 1806. However, in 1815,when another Russian expeditionvisits the island, supervised by thecommander Kotzebue, these Moaiwere down.With the arrival of the missionaries in1864 and the installation of the firstcatholic mission in Rapa Nui, begunto dismantlement the ahu to use thestone in the construction of thechurch and missionaries' houses andall of those that were converted tothe Catholicism. Together with theahu, the Hare Paenga (boat’shouses) locating opposite to theplatform were disarmed. Today, allthis place is a field of football.During the First World War, theGerman fleet supervised by thecaptain Von Spee, encamped on whatwas staying of the ahu and used themoai that today is in the principalplatform, as oven. For doing so, theyperforated the moai in the stomach.Some years later it was restored usingby cement. After leaving the Island,the principal ship of the German fleet,the Dresden, was destroyed by theBritish forces nearby the island SantaCecilia, today know as RobinsonCrusoe of the Archipelago JuanFernandez.The ahu almost disappearscompletely in 1932, when HangaRoa's wharf was constructed. Finally,between 1979 and 1980 the ahu wasrestored under the direction of SergioRapu and Andrea Seleenfreund,avoiding his total destruction.From the TUKI 6 we go thoughPolicarpo Toro Street up to the AhuApina, which corresponds to theTUKI 7, known as Ahu Mamara Nuia Ure a Oho Vehi. It is placed by thebeach, in the same site where in 1774landed Captain Cook. One of themembers of his expedition, thenaturalist George Forster, indicatesthat the moai of the ahu measured20 feet high (5,6 m) by 5 feet width(1,4 m). According to this description,the face was eroded, and the eyes, thenose and the mouth scarcely weredistinguished. Also he mentions thatthe moai had a hat (pukao), of onemeter and a half of high and ofsimilar diameter.Continuing along the coast, you getto Oho Vehi's sector, where theCollapse of the Italian Ship, TUKI8, is remembered. The accident tookplace because of a strong breakingweaves at the moment of set sail thatit made it run aground in a reefopposite to Papa Haoa. In the samepoint were found stones named poreor kikiris (round rocks), belonging tothe ship and that were taken for therestoration of the Ahu Akivi (sevenMoai), where nowadays they are.The only crew member of the shipwho had Italian nationality was thecook, Nicolás Cardinali, from whomdescend the current Cardinali wholive in the island.For the coastal edge take ApinaAvenue, pass the Building of theMaritime Government, up to the westside where the Rose of the Winds islocated, corresponding to the TUKI 9.This rose indicates the distancesbetween the Easter Island and theprincipal cities of the world. You mayappreciate the genuine isolation ofRapa Nui, the insular inhabited landsmost far away from the world’scommunities. The island is alsoknown as “Tepito o te Henua” or thenavel of the world.Continuing for this avenue, you’ll getMotu Taka Rua, TUKI 10, in PuntaRoa, on the corner of Apina and PontAvenue. The breach of the wavesbetween the small motus (islands)and rocks of the sector turns out tobe a spectacle of notable beauty. Thetransparency of the waters,luminosity, the purity of theatmosphere and the substratum ofthe sea bed, they allow a greatdiversity of colors that go from thepure target to the deep blue, spendingfor the habitual green emerald. Itturns out very common to be able toestimate the practices of handcraftedfishing from rocks, which the localpeople develop in the zone. From hereenjoy the spectacular beauty on theseashore of the Island.From here we can appreciate HangaPiko's panoramic sight TUKI 11,where you will meet the bay and thewharf of the same name. From twohundred meters of the shore, the caveAna O’nono is located. This place wasinhabited in the past. Then appearsHanga Viti Viti, a place where theyachts are protect and where thecurrent wharf of Hanga Piko islocated. The company WilliamsonBalfour constructed the wharf. Later,under the administration of the Navy,works of improvements were done.From 1988 to 1991, were done theworks of conditioning that last up totoday.In Hanga Piko's center there is theAhu Riata, TUKI 12. The siteassociated with a ceremonialcomplex constituted by the platformsAhu Ataranga, to the north, and theAhu Ana Hoto Huero, northwest fromAhu Riata. In the south end is placedthe Ana Kororupa´s cave, were it ispossible to appreciate different typesof occupation. The stones of thecavern have been used as rawmaterial for the elaboration ofappliances and used in the height ofsculptures. From 1995 investigationsdeveloped, recovering great part ofthe human osseous material beingarranged in different funeralchambers, called avanga by the RapaNui community. In 1998 the onlystand up statue is installed in the lastplatform.After enjoy Hanga Pico’s bay and AhuRiata, continues though the path upto Atamu Tekena Avenue, where youwill see the guides towers of theairport, in Mataveri's sector, TUKI 13.In spite of its surface, Easter Islandpossesses one of three longestrunways of Chile with an extension is3.350 m. Often it has been repairedthroughout the time, but in thedecade of the eighties, the NASAturned into an emergency runway forspace ship.For Atamu Tekena Avenue, thissection finishes in Ana Kai Tangataor TUKI 14. This cave constitutes afundamental milestone in the historyand island art tied to the ritual of theTangata-Manu or Man-bird ofOrongo. The sky of the Ana KaiTangata´s cave is adorned bysurprising paintings, in beautiful redand whittles colours. The figuresrepresent marine birds as theGaviotín Apizarrado (a type of gull)migratory species that come to makeits nest every spring by the motus(small islands) in front of Orongo. Thisone also was the place where thesurprising Vaka ama (boats of sewedtables) where made.  *'''Distance and expexted expected time''':