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Name Nationality Century Main area/s explored
Diego de Almagro Spanish 16th Peru, Chile
Henryk Arctowski Polish 20th Antarctic, South America
Väinö Auer Finnish 20th Tierra del Fuego and Patagonia
Vasco Núñez de Balboa Spanish 16th Panama
Henry Walter Bates British 19th Amazonia
Hiram Bingham III American 20th Machu Picchu, Peru
Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca Spanish 16th southwestern United States, Mexico, Argentina
Pedro Álvares Cabral Portuguese 15th/16th Brazil, Madagascar
Pêro Vaz de Caminha Portuguese 15th Brazil
Thomas Cavendish British 16th Virginia, Pacific coast of Central and South America
Gonçalo Coelho Portuguese 15th/16th South American coast
Nicolau Coelho Portuguese 15th Brazil
Diogo Álvares Correia Portuguese 16th Brazil
Juan de la Cosa Spanish 15th/16th Caribbean, South America
Tristão da Cunha Portuguese 16th Tristan da Cunha islands
Francis Drake British 16th Caribbean
Juan Sebastián Elcano Spain 16th completed Ferdinand Magellan's circumnavigation
Percy Harrison Fawcett British 20th Amazon Rainforest
Baltazar Fernandes Portuguese 17th Brazil
André Gonçalves Portuguese 15th/16th Brazil
William Lewis Herndon American 19th Amazonia
Thor Heyerdahl Norwegian 20th anthropological ocean voyages
Alexander von Humboldt German 19th Latin America, Siberia
Grigori Ivanovitch Langsdorff Prussian early 19th Brazil
Gaspar de Lemos Portuguese 15th Brazil
Ferdinand Magellan Portuguese 15th/16th circumnavigation
Alessandro Malaspina Italian-Spanish 18th Pacific Ocean
Archibald Menzies British 18th/19th Pacific Ocean, circumnavigation
Francisco de Orellana Spanish 16th South America, Amazon River
Duarte Pacheco Pereira Portuguese 15th Atlantic Ocean, Brazil
Luís Pires Portuguese 15th abortive voyage to Brazil
Francisco Pizarro Spanish 16th Hispaniola, Panama, Peru
Sir Walter Raleigh English 16th/17th Virginia, the Orinoco river
Jacob Roggeveen Dutch 18th South Pacific (Easter Island)
Cândido Rondon Brazilian 19th/20th Brazilian interior (Amazon Basin)
Willem Schouten Dutch 17th South Pacific (Cape Horn, Tonga Islands, Wallis and Futuna)
Tibor Sekelj Croat 20th Argentina
Mirko and Stjepan Seljan Croat early 20th Ethiopia, South America
Eric Shipton British 20th Mount Everest, southern Patagonia
William Smith British early 19th South Shetland Islands
Martim Afonso de Sousa Portuguese 16th Brazilian interior
Hans Staden German 16th Brazil
Ed Stafford British 21st Amazon
Paweł Strzelecki<ref>Sir Paul de Strzelecki.</ref> Polish/British 19th the Americas, Australia (Gippsland)
Ignacije Szentmartony Croat 18th Amazon River
Pedro Teixeira Portuguese 17th Amazon River
Harold William Tilman British 20th Himalayas, Patagonia
Amerigo Vespucci Italian 15th/16th eastern South American coast, Caribbean