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m.a.s.l., mountain veranadas, gullies,
magnificent granite promontories,
and basalt columns.<br>
The Heritage Route crosses a transition
zone in terms of flora and fauna.
foundation of the indigenous
Pehuenche diet. In fact, Pehuenche
means “peoples of the pine groves”.<br>
This circuit provides a brief synthesis
of the transformative capacity of humans
at mountain posts at Santa Rosa Lake
and Butaco River, and at other sites on
the shores of rivers or streams.<br>
==Season==
portion of the Biobío River, uniting
the townships of Santa Bárbara and
Quilaco.<br>
Before crossing the bridge, look for
a sign to the right of the road indicating
guide and resident of the sector for
over 40 years lives just 2.7 km from the
entrance to the estate.<br>
When you arrive at Mr. Urrea’s
house, you can park your vehicle, rest,
of the circuit and their distances, attractions
along the way, and sites of
interest.<br>
===By car===
===Public transport===
==Trail markings==
This guide is indispensable
for anyone
wishing to visit the Alto
Biobío Heritage Route:
The Araucarias of the
Pemehue Range. It provides
written material,
cartography, and images
associated with each
segment of the circuit
to supplement the route
markers and sign postings.
The circuit consists
of 20 guideposts of patrimonial
interest. These are
duly marked with signs
that are generally placed
to the left of the trail. The
estimated times given for
each segment of the circuit
include allowances
for sightseeing and exploring
the route and its
surroundings. This circuit
has been divided into five
segments. Specific characteristics
are associated with each
guidepost, site of interest, and segment
of the circuit. The signposting
implemented along the route includes
four types of markers:<br>
1. Guidepost marker: A wooden
post, 1.5 meters tall, with a metal
plate indicating the guidepost number,
name, and altitude. Black and
white arrows indicate the distances
to this and the next guidepost.<br>
2. Route marker: A wooden post,
about 2 meters tall, used to help
indicate the trail in some areas.
The tops of these signs are painted
bright red.<br>
3. Welcome sign: At the entrance
to Fundo Porvenir. This sign offers
general information about the
route (map, segments, distances,
guideposts).<br>
4. Informational table: Beside
Guidepost No. 1, Cuyaqui Stream
Ford. This table gives detailed information
about the route and its
main attractions.<br>
==Route description==
mostly second-growth coihue and
raulí, grows denser on both sides of
the path.<br>
As you go on, you will see a
large landslide covering the trail at
machinery, and heavy precipitations
may have triggered this geomorphologic
process.<br> '''Former lumbering operations andtheir ecological impact'''<br>
The trail leaves Guidepost No. 2 and
continues through a forest of coihue,
and trucked, weather and road conditions
permitting, to the estate owner’s
houses of Fundo Porvenir.<br>
This lumber was eventually taken to
the city of Santa Bárbara, where it was
the piled-up remains of more than
2000 inches of sawed coihue lie in
nearly complete decomposition.<br>
When you leave Guidepost No. 3,
First Sawmill Bench, the old forestry
sempervirens), chilco (Fuchsia magellanica),
nalcas (Gunnera tinctoria),
and copihues (Lapageria rosea).<br>
Unparalleled beauty and challenging
horse-back riding along the shores
1970 and 1974, evoke the magnificence
of human entrepreneurship, ingenuity,
and effort.<br>
Cotton
Road (Camino
circulatory and hepatic disorders.
It is also an appetite stimulant that
aids in digestion.<br>
The indigenous Pehuenches relied
frequently on the magical use
(Greigea sphacelata) are still
highly valued for their medicinal and
nutritional properties.<br>
Undoubtedly, the use of forest
resources, “lelfunmapu” to the
No. 5 (1000 m.a.s.l.) – after 5.1 km of
magnificent horse riding – before you
know it.<br> '''A first encounter with thearaucarias and their tragic historyin Pemehue'''<br>
After gathering your strength at
Guidepost No. 5 and carefully checking
feeds on the piñón, or araucaria
pine nuts, thereby helping to scatter
the seeds of these centenary trees.<br>
The importance of the araucaria,
or pewen in the language of the
the deep cultural changes experienced
by the Pehuenches. In 1760, Mariño de
Lobera stated:<br>
“The subsistence of these people
is mainly pine nuts taken from pine
from this abundance a highly medicinal
white resin for a variety of illnesses....”
(3)<br>
Around the Second Sawmill Bench,
some 200 meters northeast of this former
and other floral species in a fairly
undisturbed natural environment that
is rich in biodiversity.<br>
At the site of Guidepost No. 6, Second
Sawmill Bench, the abandoned, decomposing
the trip to the Second Sawmill Bench
required a bit over three hours of hard,
exhausting hiking.<br>
===Segment 2===
Guidepost No. 7 marks the beginning
of the final ascent to the peaks
of Las Placetas and Pemehue.<br>
'''The majestic peaks of the
Pemehue and Las Placetas ranges'''<br>
The horse trail continues on past
and the important presence of snow
at altitudes exceeding 1000 meters
can be seen from this area.<br>
Here, great, tall granite towers rise
over your head, where they are exposed
Cuyano streams. You are now 1439
m.a.s.l. and have covered 8.5 km of the
Heritage Route.<br>
'''Araucarias, culture, and mountainous
ecological environments'''<br>
Moving on from Guidepost No. 8,
because of the weeds or bushes in the
area that are poisonous for livestock,
principally cattle.<br>
About 400 meters before Guidepost
No. 9, Third Sawmill Bench, the trail
About 80 meters down, there is a route
marker on the left that points in the direction
of the old sawmill.<br>
Several piles of sawed araucaria
lumber, both boards (7x1 inches) and
element on this part of the trail, as
are the extensive araucaria forests of
the Cuyano Stream Valley.<br>
You will ride a little more than one
kilometer past Guidepost No. 9 on a
be able to catch a glimpse of a condor
(Vultur gryphus), the majestic and
symbolic carrion bird of the Andes.<br>
About 200 meters south of this
guidepost, riding along the foothills
right, a detour leads to La Frutilla Lake,
approximately 2 km southeast. The
fork is marked by a route marker.<br>
'''El Peñón Range and El Cóndor
Lookout'''<br>
When you pass the fork in the road,
This segment ends one kilometer past
Guidepost No. 11, El Cóndor Lookout
(1467 m.a.s.l.).<br>
This guidepost offers an exceptional
vista of the Cuyano Stream Gully and
the zone. The slow ascent to El Peñon
Ridge merits frequent stops along the
way and is marked by route markers.<br>
===Segment 3===
'''The descent to Santa Rosa Lake
and the Santa Rosa Stream Gorge'''<br>
The summit of El Peñón Ridge is
the vicissitudes of nature such as volcanism
and the irrational predatory
action of humans.<br>
The most important activities in this
mountain region have been forestry
of the native forest, especially for species
like araucaria, lenga, coihue, roble,
and raulí.<br>
It should also be noted that wood is
extracted for firewood, charcoal, and
used technique for local wood exploitation,
seriously affecting the forest’s
capacity for regeneration.<br>
'''Evidence of ancestral Pehuenche
culture in the Pemehue Range'''<br>
About 300 meters from Guidepost
understanding of the geographic and
territorial distribution of this culture in
the Andean massifs of the Alto Biobío.<br>
'''Remains of Pehuenche mortar
near Las Parrillas Lake'''<br>
Earlier, the Pehuenches, or people
and recognized by the State of Chile as
part of their former territories covers
approximately 90,000 hectares (4).<br>
The geographic, ecological, and
environmental factors of Alto Biobío
property, neither selling nor renting it.
Although it was of common use, it belonged,
ultimately, to the community.<br>
Both the winter pastures, with their
accompanying houses, corrals, crops,
to which they were subjected by Chile
and Argentina in the mid nineteenth
century.<br>
Cognitively, the Pehuenches understand
the forested araucaria formations
the pines of both sexes come into contact
underground through their roots
or in the air via mountain parrots.<br>
Thus, each araucaria forest is an
extensive family group known as a
thereby assuring the conservation
of the trees, their protection, and
fertility (5).<br>
Having passed the white granite
rock, the landscape becomes rather
are nearing Guidepost No. 13, where
you will rest and camp after your first
day on the trail.<br>
The surface of Santa Rosa Lake is
approximately 5.2 hectares (280 meters
The Santa Rosa post was built by Mr.
Lizardo Urrea, a former worker on
Fundo Porvenir, in 1993.<br>
===Segment 4===
the highest altitude spots on this circuit,
Portezuelo Trinidad Lookout (1528
m.a.s.l.).<br>
From here, you will have spectacular
panoramic views in practically
of the Pemehue Range; and, to
the west, the peaks of El Peñón Ridge
and Stream.<br>
When you leave Portezuelo Trinidad
Lookout, the trail continues southward
dotting the lower stretches of El Peñón
Stream and the highest mountain
summits.<br>
A rocky promontory stands off to the
right of the trail, about 40 to 50 meters
views of Quilapehuén Hill and
El Peñón Stream Gorge, an affluent of
the Santa Rosa Stream, await you.<br>
'''The araucarias of the Prados de
Maitenes Stream Gorge and El
Peñón Ridge'''<br>
After crossing the remains of an old
Thus, the area’s ecological integrity is
adequate for managing the conservation
of its resources.<br>
From this perspective, the Pemehue
Range has important ecological characteristics
in which numerous invertebrates,
amphibians, and fish can develop
their life cycles.<br>
Nonetheless, one of the main
threats to the conservation of these
recovering through a process of ecological
succession of second-growth
forests.<br>
Guidepost No. 16 is sheltered by
gorgeous araucaria individuals. Here
forest. Huida Ridge is visible in the distance
and Mallín Largo Veranada is a
bit nearer.<br>
'''Mallín Largo Veranada'''<br>
Congratulations! You have nearly
making it possible to see Los Caciques
Hill to the north and, in the distance,
Huida Ridge to the east.<br>
===Segment 5===
'''The descent along the Prados de
Maitenes Stream'''<br>
After riding about 25 minutes from
off to the left of the route. At the base
of this rocky formation is a beautiful,
pale reddish lenga forest.<br>
About 20 minutes from this place,
you will cross back over the Prados de
stony with large rocks and tree trunks
dragged along by the swift-moving
waters.<br>
Guidepost No. 18, Prados de
Maitenes Waterfall (1063 m.a.s.l.), is
the bed of the stream, countless tree
trunks have been dragged into place
by the water.<br>
As you head towards Guidepost No.
19, or the Confluence Lookout (Butaco
final descent to the Butaco River and
the last part of your ride to Guidepost
No. 20, Prados de Maitenes Post.<br>
'''At the Butaco River Gorge and
Huida Ridge'''<br>
From Guidepost No. 19 on, the
second, smaller open area, practically
at the end of the descent to the Butaco
River.<br>
'''Enjoying the Butaco River'''<br>
About 400 meters ahead, the waters
icy waters, we strongly suggest that
you stop and take a look at the birthdate
on your driver’s license!<br>
'''The end of the route'''<br>
After your aquatic adventure, the
of the Pemehue Range (1063 m.a.s.l.)
after two days of interesting and magnificent
adventures. Congratulations!<br>
==Recommendations==
{{Topoguide|}}
that penetrates the forest, you should pay attention
to the route markers that indicate which
way to go, especially if you are travelling without
a guide.
Route, that is, the 27 km from Guidepost No. 1 to
Guidepost No. 20, is about 12.5 hours horseback.
segments 1, 2, and 3 are the most interesting in
terms of ecology and landscape.
rocky terrain, with gravel or stones on the trail.
This makes the ride more challenging, especially
do the circuit to Guidepost No. 13, Santa Rosa
Lake, an estimated two-day round trip.
(tent, synthetic sleeping bags, waterproof
parkas, gloves, appropriate boots, other camping
your own data regarding the route. A good
camera is indispensable!
station (retén de Carabineros) in Loncopangue
and tell them your itinerary, final destination,
and the expected length of your stay in the area.
back any food scraps, plastics, or other waste
from the trip so that other adventurers like yourself
will have an equal chance to enjoy the area.
Porvenir; phone: 984682590) to prepare and
coordinate your journey.
