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The potent overseas immigration mainly from Europe into Chile and Argentina and the continuous land grab made the native first nations to a minority in their own homeland. Of In the previous diverse indigenous cultures area that the GPT traverses only one of the numerous pre-colonial indigenous cultures holds still significance in the area that the GPT traverses: the [[#Indigenous_Pehuenche_Population|Pehuenche]] that are considered part of the Mapuche group. Most other native cultures that you see in adjacent maps are lost and extinct. Starting from section GPT09 to about GPT15 you will experience meet the remains of the native Pehuenche culture. But don't expect intact indigenous communities that celebrate their traditional way of live with unity and pride. Centuries of disrespect, economic and social pressure, the forceful formation of a new Chilean identity after the independence from Spain and missionary efforts of various Christian sects have caused deep divides in their communities and resulted in a fractured identity.